The Islamic conquests in the 7th century significantly transformed the Byzantine Empire's economy and society. Following the rapid expansion of Islam, Byzantine territories in the Levant, Egypt, and North Africa were lost, leading to a drastic reduction in revenue from these regions, which were vital for trade and agriculture. The empire's economy had to adapt to these losses, pivoting towards the more secure areas in the Balkans and Asia Minor. Societally, the Islamic conquests introduced new c