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Richard Trevithick, a British inventor, built the world's first full-scale working railway steam locomotive in 1802, leading to the historic 1804 Pen-y-Darren journey. While not commercially successful at the time due to track limitations, this invention demonstrated the potential of steam power on rails and earned Trevithick the title of the "father of the railways." The two primary locations for existing working replicas of Trevithick's pioneering locomotives are the National Waterfront Museum